How do online payments via digital wallet work?
In the same way the scale of Visa and Mastercard have relatively standardised the card payment experience globally, companies like PayPal have done something similar for digital wallets. Although, there can be noticeable differences from country to country and product to product.
Before we explore the process for how digital wallet payments work, there’s an important factor to consider - the source of funds. Digital wallets may act as either (or both):
- A storage mechanism payment details (e.g. credit or debit card details, bank details)
- A storage mechanism for actual funds
Paying using stored payment details
If a customer makes a purchase using a digital wallet that they’re only storing their payment details for another payment method in, the process is nearly identical to a standard payment made with that method.
If it’s credit or debit card details they’re storing, they could effectively make a standard card payment (detailed earlier in this guide). The only difference is that the digital wallet provider may be providing the merchant the facilities of a payment service provider (see here for definition).
If it’s bank details they’re storing, they could effectively set up a standard Direct Debit mandate (detailed earlier in this guide), provided the mandate form is provided to them electronically.
In both these instances, the digital wallet is simply acting as an information store - like a digital brain.
Paying with stored funds
An alternative scenario is when the customer has funds stored within the digital wallet. These funds are usually transferred into the digital wallet via a variety of other online payment methods - e.g. bank transfers, credit or debit card payments, or transfers from other digital wallets. When a customer wishes to make a purchase using these stored funds, the merchant must typically receive them into their own digital wallet from the same provider. Behind the scenes, no funds are really moved - the digital wallet provider simply applies a virtual debit to the customer’s wallet and the relevant credit to the merchant’s.
If a merchant wants to transfer these funds from their digital wallet to their bank account, the process would be almost identical to a standard bank transfer (detailed earlier in this guide), with the digital wallet provider transferring the requested amount to the merchant’s nominated bank account.
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